What does the Constitution do regarding government powers?

The Constitution serves as the foundational legal document of the United States, establishing the framework for government and delineating the powers and responsibilities of different branches. The correct answer highlights that the Constitution not only establishes government powers but also places limits on them. This is fundamental to the system of checks and balances, which is designed to prevent any one branch of government from becoming too powerful.

By specifically outlining what the federal government can and cannot do, the Constitution ensures that individual liberties are protected and that there is accountability in governance. This structure is essential in maintaining a democratic framework where the rule of law prevails and citizens' rights are safeguarded.

In contrast, other options do not accurately reflect the purpose or structure of the Constitution. For instance, stating that it prohibits all government actions would fundamentally misunderstand the role of government as outlined in the Constitution, while assigning powers only to the states ignores the co-existing federal structure. Lastly, suggesting that it restricts voting rights fails to recognize that the Constitution has been amended to expand voting rights over time rather than inhibit them.